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Education











Indonesia's school system is divided into primary education (from 6 to 12 years of age), junior secondary eduaction (age 12-15) and senior secundary education (age 16-18). Senior secondary education is divided into an academic track and a technical/vocational track.

Islamic schools are also divided into primary (Madrasah Ibtidiyah), lower secondary (Madrasah Tsanawiyah) and upper secondary (Madrasah Aliyah) schools.

At primary education levels 93% consists of government schools and 7% of private and islamic schools. At secondary education level this is almost 50-50.

Overview no. of schools and students:

School level

No. of schools

No. students

Primary

148,000

26 million

Secundary

21,000

7.5 million

Tertiary

76

1,01 million


The enrollment number of primary education students has increased dramatically the past 10 years. Approximately 10 years ago 1st year enrollment figures stood at around 2.5 million. Currently it is over 5.0 million. Almost 100% progresses to junior secondary education but after finishing junior secondary education approximately 74% proceeds to senior secondary education.

Indonesia's tertiary education institutions (universities, polytechnical schools, college's etc) have over 1.0 million students but this represents only 3.8% of the total potential.

Like India and China Indonesia will be able benefit greatly of its vast human resources when it can ensure that a larger number of pupils will be able to continue with tertiary education. The enormous size of its young population should then enable the country to develop more rapidly since a higher educated workforce will attract more sophisticated industries resulting in higher average salaries.

Currently Indonesia has between 35,000 and 40,000 students of mathematics and computer science, a subject vital for progression of the country. In case the government can find ways that allow larger numbers of Indonesia's total primary education-level of 26 million pupils to proceed to higher education these numbers could easily multiply 10-fold (comparison: The Netherlands with a total number of citizens of 16,3 million has a student population of 680,000 at college and university level).

One of the reasons of this low participation level is the limited number of college's and universities. Especially the state-run facilities are very popular and a program of national exams exists which students must pass in order to be able to apply. Most popular are the college's and universities on Java that everybody wants to attend, also from the other islands. Another hindrance are fees that have to paid, even after passing the exams before being awarded a position to study at the facility of one's choice. This fee can range from several hundreds of Euro to more than one thousand Euro. This can be an extra hindrance especially for students with limited financial means.

Some infrastructure is certainly already in place since 26 of Indonesia's total of 75 tertiary educational institutions are polytechnical college's.

Source:
Further East Consult - Indonesia
Unicef 
http://www.unicef.org
Philantropy and the Third Sector in Asia and the Pacific
http://www.asianphilantropy.org
Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia
http://www.depdiknas.go.id